Half the effectiveness in older Kremlin shilling was sublty. Most effective propaganda is subtle.
Russia knows that they can’t win in outright warfare (look at Ukraine and their attempt in Afghanistan during the Soviet Union). They developed some of the most sophisticated psychological studies in the world.
Except after the collapse of the soviet union, the brain drain accelerated. 2016, they still had remnants. By 2020 their psychological prowess had suffered a lot. Its evident, now, that the brain drain has caught up to them.
Its why authoritarian regimes inevitably fail. Anti-intellectual movements remove the people that keep things moving forward.
I will give one exception to that. China. But China has made a lot of improvements, and typically tends to act within its own borders (except for the Taiwan and overfishing problem).
Half the effectiveness in older Kremlin shilling was sublty. Most effective propaganda is subtle.
Russia knows that they can’t win in outright warfare (look at Ukraine and their attempt in Afghanistan during the Soviet Union). They developed some of the most sophisticated psychological studies in the world.
Except after the collapse of the soviet union, the brain drain accelerated. 2016, they still had remnants. By 2020 their psychological prowess had suffered a lot. Its evident, now, that the brain drain has caught up to them.
Its why authoritarian regimes inevitably fail. Anti-intellectual movements remove the people that keep things moving forward.
I will give one exception to that. China. But China has made a lot of improvements, and typically tends to act within its own borders (except for the Taiwan and overfishing problem).