Okay, Apple’s defence from the article is hilarious:

The EU says that antitrust regulation is intended to promote competition and give consumers more choices. Apple argues that it is having the opposite effect.

Fewer choices: When features are delayed or unavailable, EU users don’t get the same options as users in the rest of the world. They lose the choice to use Apple’s latest technologies, and their devices fall further behind.

You. You are doing that.

Less differentiation: By forcing Apple to build features and technologies for non-Apple products, the DMA is making the options available to European consumers more similar. For instance, the changes to app marketplaces are making iOS look more like Android — and that reduces choice.

More different options means less differentation!

Unfair competition: The DMA’s rules only apply to Apple, even though Samsung is the smartphone market leader in Europe, and Chinese companies are growing fast. Apple has led the way in building a unique, innovative ecosystem that others have copied — to the benefit of users everywhere. But instead of rewarding that innovation, the DMA singles Apple out while leaving our competitors free to continue as they always have.

Because Android devices I guess comply with DMA for now, let’s see again after Google starts cracking down on non-playstore apps harder.

According to Wikipedia, the planetary boundaries -concept has been around since 2009, with some renaming and one variable change (“chemical pollution” to “novel entities”. The original Nature (feature) paper that I dug up doesn’t describe the methodology, but that it hasn’t faced major criticism so far would suggest it’s pretty valid for the kind of tool that it is.